1. Incazelo ye-GLP-1
I-Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) iyi-hormone eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ekhiqizwa emathunjini ngemva kokudla. Idlala indima ebalulekile kumetabolism ye-glucose ngokuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ivimbele ukukhululwa kwe-glucagon, yehlisa ukuphuma kwesisu, futhi ikhuthaze umuzwa wokugcwala. Le miphumela ehlanganisiwe isiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini futhi ibe negalelo ekulawuleni isisindo. Ama-agonists e-Synthetic GLP-1 receptor alingisa lezi zinqubo zemvelo, azenze zibe usizo ekwelapheni uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngomsebenzi
Ngokusekelwe ezindimeni zayo zomzimba, i-GLP-1 nama-analogues ayo ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana zokusebenza:
- Ukulawulwa kweglucose yegazi: Kuthuthukisa ukukhululwa kwe-insulin ekuphenduleni amazinga aphezulu eglucose ngenkathi kucindezela ukukhiqizwa kweglucagon.
- Ukulawula ukudla: Isebenza esikhungweni sokuthakasela sobuchopho ukunciphisa ukudla kanye nokwandisa ukusutha.
- Ukulawulwa kwamathumbu: Yehlisa ukuphuma kwesisu, yandise inqubo yokugaya futhi isize ukulawula ukukhuphuka kweglucose yangemva kokudla.
- Izinzuzo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Amanye ama-GLP-1 receptor agonists akhonjisiwe ehlisa ubungozi bezehlakalo ezinkulu zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.
- Ukulawulwa kwesisindo: Ngokunqanda isifiso sokudla nokukhuthaza ukuncishiswa kwekhalori, ama-analogue e-GLP-1 asekela ukwehla kwesisindo kancane kancane nangokuqhubekayo.
3. Izici ze-GLP-1
I-GLP-1 inohhafu wempilo yemvelo emfushane kakhulu—imizuzu nje embalwa—ngoba yonakala ngokushesha yi-enzyme DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4). Ukunqoba lokhu, abacwaningi bezemithi bakha ama-agonists e-GLP-1 asebenza isikhathi eside afanaI-Semaglutide, I-Liraglutide, I-Tirzepatide, futhiI-Retatrutide.
Lezi zinhlanganisela eziguquliwe zandisa umsebenzi kusukela emahoreni kuya ezinsukwini noma ngisho namaviki, okuvumela ukudosiswa kanye ngosuku noma kanye ngesonto.
Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:
- Isenzo esincike ku-glucose: Yehlisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwe-insulin yendabuko.
- Izindlela ezikabili noma ezintathu (emithi emisha): Ezinye izinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe ziqondise ama-receptors engeziwe njenge-GIP noma ama-glucagon receptors, athuthukisa izinzuzo ze-metabolic.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-metabolic okuphelele: Yehlisa i-HbA1c, ithuthukisa amaphrofayili e-lipid, futhi isekela ukuncishiswa kwesisindo.
I-GLP-1 nama-analogues ayo iguqule ukwelapha kwesimanjemanje kwe-metabolic ngokubhekana nesifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala ngasikhathi sinye—inganikeli nje kuphela ukulawula ushukela wegazi kodwa futhi nezinzuzo zesikhathi eside zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nesisindo.
4.Izixazululo Zokwelapha ze-GLP-1
5. I-GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ejovayo
Ifomu lokulethwa elivame kakhulu, lawa afaka i-Liraglutide, i-Semaglutide, ne-Tirzepatide. Aphathwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kungaba nsuku zonke noma masonto onke, ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwama-receptors ukulawula okuzinzile kwe-glucose kanye nokucindezela ukudla.
5. Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Inketho entsha, njenge-Oral Semaglutide, inikeza iziguli kalula inaliti. Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisa ukumuncwa ukuze kugcinwe i-bioavailability lapho ithathwa ngomlomo, ithuthukisa ukuthobela ukwelashwa.
6. Imithi Yokwelapha Ehlanganisiwe (GLP-1 + Eminye Izindlela)
Izindlela zokwelapha ezisafufusa zihlanganisa i-GLP-1 ne-GIP noma i-glucagon receptor agonism ukuze kuzuzwe ukuncipha okuqinile kwesisindo kanye nemiphumela ye-metabolic. Isibonelo, i-Tirzepatide (i-agonist ekabili ye-GIP/GLP-1) ne-Retatrutide (i-GIP/GLP-1/glucagon agonist) imelela isizukulwane esilandelayo sokwelashwa kwe-metabolic.
Ukwelashwa kwe-GLP-1 kuphawula isinyathelo soguquko ekulawuleni izifo ze-metabolic ezingamahlalakhona—okunikeza indlela edidiyelwe yokulawula ushukela wegazi, ukwehlisa isisindo, nokwenza ngcono imiphumela yezempilo iyonke.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2025